Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis, impacting millions of people throughout the world. When the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones wears down over time, this condition develops. Although osteoarthritis can affect any joint, it is most frequent in the hands, knees, hips, and spine.
The symptoms of osteoarthritis may usually be treated, but the joint deterioration cannot be reversed. Staying active, maintaining a healthy weight, and receiving specific therapies may help to decrease disease development and improve pain and joint function.
Osteoarthritis develops when the cartilage that cushions the ends of your bones in your joints deteriorates over time. Cartilage is a tough, slick tissue that allows for practically frictionless joint movement. If the cartilage is fully worn down, the bone will rub against the bone.
Osteoarthritis is sometimes referred to as a wear-and-tear condition. However, osteoarthritis affects the entire joint, not only the cartilage. It causes bone alterations and the connective tissues that hold the joint together and connect muscle to bone to deteriorate. Inflammation of the joint lining is also a side effect.
Osteoarthritis symptoms typically appear gradually and worsen over time. The Mayo Clinic lists the following signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis:
1. Pain- The affected joints may have pain during or after movement.
2. Stiffness- Joint stiffness may be more obvious when you first wake up or after a period of inactivity.
3. Tenderness- When you apply light pressure to or near your joint, it may become tender.
4. Flexibility is being lost. It’s possible that you won’t be able to move your joint completely across its range of motion.
5. The sense of grating. When you use the joint, you may notice a grating sensation and hear popping or cracking.
6. Bone spurs are a type of bone spur. These extra fragments of bone might grow around the afflicted joint and feel like hard lumps.
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